---
title: «why can't i go on toad patrol by myself at night, it's just toads»… — Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croa… · tree and pragmatics
description: «why can't i go on toad patrol by myself at night, it's just toads» What is the reason? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 309 «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why can't i go on toad patrol by myself at night, it's just toads» What is the reason?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** i, patrol, toads · **What happens:** go, be · **To what, where:** toad patrol, toads, reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 309 «Frogs and toads near home: spawn, croaking choruses, toad crossings and the fire-bellied toad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad:t8:1
# text = «why can't i go on toad patrol by myself at night, it's just toads» What is the reason?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	_
3	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
5	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	patrol	patrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	6	obl	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	just	just	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
20	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	23	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** *in a quote* | present | i |  |  | toad patrol | night | by myself | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on patrol=Location |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | patrol | toads |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | toads | the reason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Volunteers must be over 80

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad:t8:o1:1
# text = Volunteers must be over 80
1	Volunteers	volunteer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	80	80	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | must |  | 80 |  |  |  | over *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toads only cross in daytime

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad:t8:o2:1
# text = Toads only cross in daytime
1	Toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	cross	cross	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	daytime	daytime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | present | Toads |  |  | daytime |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Roads at night are dangerous, so go only with grown-ups in bright jackets

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad:t8:o3:1
# text = Roads at night are dangerous, so go only with grown-ups in bright jackets
1	Roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	jackets	jacket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Roads at night |  |  |  |  | dangerous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with grown ups in bright jackets | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with up=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toads bite children who pick them up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:309-frogs-and-toads-near-home-spawn-croaking-choruses-toad-crossings-and-the-fire-bellied-toad:t8:o4:1
# text = Toads bite children who pick them up
1	Toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bite	bite	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pick	pick	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** | present | Toads | children |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |
| 2 | **pick up** | present | children | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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