---
title: In a cartoon a turtle unzips its shell and walks out in shorts. What… — Turtles and tortoises · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a turtle unzips its shell and walks out in shorts. What is wrong? Test 1 of lesson 31 «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 1 · Turtles and tortoises

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a turtle unzips its shell and walks out in shorts. What is wrong?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** turtle · **What happens:** unzip, walk out, be · **To what, where:** shell, cartoon, shorts

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 31 «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a turtle unzips its shell and walks out in shorts.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:1
# text = In a cartoon a turtle unzips its shell and walks out in shorts.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	unzips	unzip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	shorts	short	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **unzip** | present | a turtle | turtle's shell |  | a cartoon |  |  | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Patient |
| 2 | **walk out** | present | a turtle *not said here* |  |  | shorts |  |  | vn resign-10.11 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:2
# text = What is wrong?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles only take shells off in water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:o1:1
# text = Turtles only take shells off in water
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | present | Turtles | shells |  | water |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only old turtles can take off their shells

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:o2:1
# text = Only old turtles can take off their shells
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | can | old turtles | turtles's shells |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real turtle's shell is its ribs and spine, so it can never come out

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:o3:1
# text = A real turtle's shell is its ribs and spine, so it can never come out
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	ribs	rib	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	spine	spine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
17	out	out	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a real turtle's shell | shell's ribs and spine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **come out** | can | shell |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, real turtles take off their shells to sleep at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t1:o4:1
# text = Nothing, real turtles take off their shells to sleep at night
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	sleep	sleep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take off** | present | real turtles | Nothing |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | to-infinitive | real turtles *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Snakes and lizards, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/30-snakes-and-lizards/e4/)
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