---
title: A hot summer makes the sand on a turtle beach much warmer than usual… — Turtles and tortoises · tree and pragmatics
description: A hot summer makes the sand on a turtle beach much warmer than usual. What would scientists expect? Test 4 of lesson 31 «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · Turtles and tortoises

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hot summer makes the sand on a turtle beach much warmer than usual. What would scientists expect?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** hot summer, scientists · **What happens:** make, expect · **To what, where:** sand, turtle beach

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 31 «Turtles and tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A hot summer makes the sand on a turtle beach much warmer than usual.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:1
# text = A hot summer makes the sand on a turtle beach much warmer than usual.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	much	much	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	parataxis	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a hot summer | the sand |  | a turtle beach |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sand=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would scientists expect?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:2
# text = What would scientists expect?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	expect	expect	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expect** | would | scientists |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
More girl hatchlings than boys

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:o1:1
# text = More girl hatchlings than boys
1	More	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
2	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	hatchlings	hatchling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	than	than	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All of the babies would be twins

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:o2:1
# text = All of the babies would be twins
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	babies	baby	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	twins	twin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | would | All | twins |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many more boy hatchlings than girls

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:o3:1
# text = Many more boy hatchlings than girls
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	hatchlings	hatchling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	girls	girl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
None of the eggs would hatch at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:31-turtles-and-tortoises:t4:o4:1
# text = None of the eggs would hatch at all
1	None	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	hatch	hatch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hatch** | would | None |  |  | all |  |  | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Turtles and tortoises, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/31-turtles-and-tortoises/t3/)
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