---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bu… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the bull shark? Exam question 2 of lesson 310 «Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

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# Exam question 2 · Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the bull shark?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** bull shark

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 310 «Sharks by kind: great white, tiger, bull and hammerhead» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the bull shark?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the bull shark |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It breathes atmospheric air by means of lungs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead:e2:o1:1
# text = It breathes atmospheric air by means of lungs
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breathes	breathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	atmospheric	atmospheric	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | present | It | atmospheric air |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of lungs | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is capable of inhabiting fresh water as well as the sea

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead:e2:o2:1
# text = It is capable of inhabiting fresh water as well as the sea
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	inhabiting	inhabit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	as	as	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	12	cc	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	fixed	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | capable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **inhabit** | gerund |  | fresh water |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is incapable of surviving outside the deep ocean

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead:e2:o3:1
# text = It is incapable of surviving outside the deep ocean
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	surviving	survive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | incapable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **survive** | gerund |  |  |  | the deep ocean |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme outside ocean=Location |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the largest predatory fish in existence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:310-sharks-by-kind-great-white-tiger-bull-and-hammerhead:e2:o4:1
# text = It is the largest predatory fish in existence
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
5	predatory	predatory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the largest predatory fish |  | existence |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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