---
title: «why would a fish get FATTER to stay safe, makes no sense» What is t… — Sharks by kind, small and strange: wal… · tree and pragmatics
description: «why would a fish get FATTER to stay safe, makes no sense» What is the answer for a swell shark? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 311 «Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pra
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbego…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why would a fish get FATTER to stay safe, makes no sense» What is the answer for a swell shark?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** fish · **What happens:** be, stay, make · **To what, where:** sense, answer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 311 «Sharks by kind, small and strange: walking sharks, wobbegongs, cookiecutters and goblin sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks:t10:1
# text = «why would a fish get FATTER to stay safe, makes no sense» What is the answer for a swell shark?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	FATTER	fat	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	nsubj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
16	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	swell	swell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | would | a fish |  |  |  |  | fat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **stay** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | a fish *not said here* |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** *in a quote* | present | a fish *not said here* | no sense |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sense=Product |
| 4 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  | the answer |  |  |  | for a swell shark | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It turns into a rock when it swells

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks:t10:o1:1
# text = It turns into a rock when it swells
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	swells	swell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | It |  |  | a rock |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into rock=Trajectory |
| 2 | **swell** | present | rock |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It floats up into the air like a balloon and drifts away from danger

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks:t10:o2:1
# text = It floats up into the air like a balloon and drifts away from danger
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	balloon	balloon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	drifts	drift	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float up** | present | It |  |  | the air |  | like a balloon | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into air=Destination |
| 2 | **drift away** | present |  |  |  | danger |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from danger=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fat fish taste bad to every predator

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks:t10:o3:1
# text = Fat fish taste bad to every predator
1	Fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	taste	taste	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | present | Fat fish |  |  |  |  | to every predator; bad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to predator=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swelling up wedges it tight in a crack so it cannot be pulled out

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:311-sharks-by-kind-small-and-strange-walking-sharks-wobbegongs-cookiecutters-and-goblin-sharks:t10:o4:1
# text = Swelling up wedges it tight in a crack so it cannot be pulled out
1	Swelling	swell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	wedges	wedge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	tight	tight	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	pulled	pull	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swell up** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **wedge** | present | Swelling | it |  | a crack |  | tight *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme in crack=Trajectory |
| 3 | **not** **pull out** | can · passive |  | crack |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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