---
title: Identify the principal prey of the sperm whale and the depth at whic… — Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sp… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal prey of the sperm whale and the depth at which it is pursued. Exam question 1 of lesson 313 «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question
---

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# Exam question 1 · Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, bel…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal prey of the sperm whale and the depth at which it is pursued.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, pursue · **To what, where:** principal prey, prey, depth

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 313 «Whales by kind, the toothed whales: sperm whale, orca, beluga and beaked whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal prey of the sperm whale and the depth at which it is pursued.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	sperm	sperm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	depth	depth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal prey of the sperm whale and the depth |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent prey=Theme |
| 2 | **pursue** | present · passive |  | prey |  | the depth |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at which=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Krill, filtered at depths of a few metres

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales:e1:o1:1
# text = Krill, filtered at depths of a few metres
1	Krill	krill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	filtered	filter	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	depths	depth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **filter** | participle |  |  |  | depths of a few metres |  |  | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Squid, pursued at depths in excess of two kilometres

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales:e1:o2:1
# text = Squid, pursued at depths in excess of two kilometres
1	Squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	depths	depth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	excess	excess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pursue** | participle |  | Squid *not said here* |  | depths |  | in excess of two kilometres | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at depth=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seaweed, gathered from the shallows

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales:e1:o3:1
# text = Seaweed, gathered from the shallows
1	Seaweed	seaweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	shallows	shallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | participle |  |  |  | the shallows |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from shallow=Source |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seals, captured upon the surface of the Arctic ice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:313-whales-by-kind-the-toothed-whales-sperm-whale-orca-beluga-and-beaked-whales:e1:o4:1
# text = Seals, captured upon the surface of the Arctic ice
1	Seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	captured	capture	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **capture** | participle · passive |  | Seals |  |  |  | upon the surface of the Arctic ice | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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