--- title: Identify the principal characteristic by which rodents are distingui… — Rodents: the biggest group of mammals… · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal characteristic by which rodents are distinguished from other mammals. Exam question 1 of lesson 316 «Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growi… Identify the principal characteristic by which rodents are distinguished from other mammals. **Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, principal characteristic · **What happens:** identify, distinguish · **To what, where:** principal characteristic, rodents This is exam question 1 of lesson 316 «Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal characteristic by which rodents are distinguished from other mammals. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 characteristic characteristic NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 obl _ _ 7 rodents rodent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 8 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 distinguished distinguish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl:relcl _ _ 10 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal characteristic | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent characteristic=Theme | | 2 | **distinguish** | present · passive | the principal characteristic | rodents | | | | from other mammals | vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from mammal=Co-Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Four pairs of incisors in the upper jaw ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth:e1:o1:1 # text = Four pairs of incisors in the upper jaw 1 Four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 2 nummod _ _ 2 pairs pair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 incisors incisor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 jaw jaw NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 2 {#o2} Long canine teeth adapted for seizing prey ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth:e1:o2:1 # text = Long canine teeth adapted for seizing prey 1 Long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 canine canine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 adapted adapt VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 for for SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 6 seizing seize VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 7 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **adapt** | past | Long canine teeth | | | | | | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **seize** | gerund | Long canine teeth *not said here* | prey | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} The complete absence of teeth ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth:e1:o3:1 # text = The complete absence of teeth 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 complete complete ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 absence absence NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **absent** | | | teeth | | | | | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient | ### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4} A single pair of continuously growing incisors in each jaw ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth:e1:o4:1 # text = A single pair of continuously growing incisors in each jaw 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 single single ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 pair pair NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 of of SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 5 continuously continuously ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 growing grow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 acl _ _ 7 incisors incisor NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 10 det _ _ 10 jaw jaw NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | gerund | a single pair *not said here* | incisors | | each jaw | | continuously *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location incisor=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/t11/) - next →: [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/e2/) - ↑ back to [Rodents: the biggest group of mammals and their ever-growing teeth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/316-rodents-the-biggest-group-of-mammals-and-their-ever-growing-teeth/)