---
title: Identify the principal distinction between the antlers of deer and t… — Deer: antlers that fall off and grow a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal distinction between the antlers of deer and the horns of cattle. Exam question 1 of lesson 318 «Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatic
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Deer: antlers that fall off and grow a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal distinction between the antlers of deer and the horns of cattle.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** principal distinction

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 318 «Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal distinction between the antlers of deer and the horns of cattle.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	distinction	distinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	between	between	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	deer	deer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal distinction |  |  |  | between the antlers of deer and the horns of cattle | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent distinction=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No distinction exists, the terms being synonymous

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer:e1:o1:1
# text = No distinction exists, the terms being synonymous
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	distinction	distinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exists	exist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	terms	term	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
8	synonymous	synonymous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exist** | present | no distinction |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | the terms |  |  |  |  | synonymous *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antlers consist of keratin alone, whereas horns consist of wood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer:e1:o2:1
# text = Antlers consist of keratin alone, whereas horns consist of wood
1	Antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consist	consist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	whereas	whereas	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
8	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	consist	consist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | Antlers |  |  |  |  | of keratin; alone *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **consist** | present | horns | whereas |  |  |  | of wood | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antlers consist of bone and are shed annually, whereas horns comprise a bony core sheathed in keratin and are retained for life

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer:e1:o3:1
# text = Antlers consist of bone and are shed annually, whereas horns comprise a bony core sheathed in keratin and are retained for life
1	Antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consist	consist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
8	annually	annually	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	whereas	whereas	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	11	det	_	_
11	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	comprise	comprise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	core	core	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	sheathed	sheath	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	retained	retain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | Antlers |  |  |  |  | of bone | tree rules |
| 2 | **shed** | present · passive | Antlers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | annually *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **comprise** | present | whereas horns | a bony core |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme core=Pivot |
| 4 | **sheath** | participle |  | a bony core *not said here* |  | keratin |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **retain** | present · passive | Antlers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for life | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antlers are retained throughout the life of the animal, whereas horns are shed annually and regrown each spring in a larger form

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer:e1:o4:1
# text = Antlers are retained throughout the life of the animal, whereas horns are shed annually and regrown each spring in a larger form
1	Antlers	antler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	retained	retain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	whereas	whereas	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
15	annually	annually	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	regrown	regrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
18	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	19	det	_	_
19	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	23	amod	_	_
23	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retain** | present · passive |  | Antlers |  |  | throughout the life of the animal |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shed** | present · passive |  | whereas |  |  |  | annually *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Source |
| 3 | **regrow** | participle |  |  |  | a larger form | spring |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Deer: antlers that fall off and grow a…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/t12/)
- next →: [Deer: antlers that fall off and grow a…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Deer: antlers that fall off and grow again; red deer, roe deer, moose, muntjac and water deer](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/318-deer-antlers-that-fall-off-and-grow-again-red-deer-roe-deer-moose-muntjac-and-water-deer/)