---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Bears by kind: the eight bears of the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the American black bear? Exam question 3 of lesson 319 «Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Exam question 3 · Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the American black bear?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** American black bear

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 319 «Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the American black bear?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the American black bear |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a species of the Andes which is the sole bear in South America

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world:e3:o1:1
# text = It is a species of the Andes which is the sole bear in South America
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	species	species	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Andes	Ande	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	sole	sole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a species |  |  |  | of the Andes | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a species | the sole bear |  | South America |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the largest bear and dwells upon sea ice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world:e3:o2:1
# text = It is the largest bear and dwells upon sea ice
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	dwells	dwell	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the largest bear |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dwell** | present |  |  |  | sea ice |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon ice=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is invariably black in colour and is confined to the Arctic coasts and the sea ice

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world:e3:o3:1
# text = It is invariably black in colour and is confined to the Arctic coasts and the sea ice
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	coasts	coast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | colour |  | black, invariably *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **confine** | present · passive |  |  |  | the Arctic coasts and the sea ice |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: to coast=Destination |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the most numerous bear and its coat may be black, brown, cinnamon or white

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world:e3:o4:1
# text = It is the most numerous bear and its coat may be black, brown, cinnamon or white
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	numerous	numerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	cinnamon	cinnamon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the numerous bear and its coat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | may |  |  |  |  |  | black *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/e2/)
- next →: [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/)