--- title: Ascertain the source of toxicity in wild poison dart frogs. — Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders · tree and pragmatics description: Ascertain the source of toxicity in wild poison dart frogs. Exam question 3 of lesson 32 «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders Ascertain the source of toxicity in wild poison dart frogs. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain · **To what, where:** source This is exam question 3 of lesson 32 «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/#e3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:e3:1 # text = Ascertain the source of toxicity in wild poison dart frogs. 1 Ascertain ascertain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 source source NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 toxicity toxicity NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 8 poison poison NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 dart dart NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 frogs frog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the source of toxicity | | | | in wild dart frogs | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent source=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Their diet of ants and mites ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:e3:o1:1 # text = Their diet of ants and mites 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 diet diet NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 mites mite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 2 {#o2} Their bright pigmentation ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:e3:o2:1 # text = Their bright pigmentation 1 Their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 pigmentation pigmentation NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **pigment** | | Their *= they* | | | | | | nom pigmentation «process intransitive»: poss=agent | ### Option 3 {#o3} The water of their habitat ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:e3:o3:1 # text = The water of their habitat 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 habitat habitat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 4 {#o4} Exposure to sunlight ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:e3:o4:1 # text = Exposure to sunlight 1 Exposure exposure NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 2 to to ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 sunlight sunlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/e2/) - next →: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/e4/) - ↑ back to [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/)