--- title: A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. What will proba… — Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders · tree and pragmatics description: A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. What will probably happen? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 32 «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/t11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/) / t11 # Test 11 · ★ · Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. What will probably happen? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** newt · **What happens:** lose, escape, happen · **To what, where:** tail This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 32 «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/#t11). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:1 # text = A newt loses its tail to a heron's beak but escapes. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 newt newt NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 loses lose VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 heron heron NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 beak beak NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 11 but but CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 escapes escape VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present | a newt | newt's tail | | | | to a heron's beak | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Eventuality | | 2 | **escape** | present | a newt *not said here* | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What will probably happen? ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:2 # text = What will probably happen? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 4 nsubj _ _ 2 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 probably probably ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | future | | | | | | probably *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} It can grow a new tail ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:o1:1 # text = It can grow a new tail 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | can | It | a new tail | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tail=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} It will grow a second head ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:o2:1 # text = It will grow a second head 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 6 amod _ _ 6 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | future | It | a second head | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location head=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} It will die without its tail ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:o3:1 # text = It will die without its tail 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 without without ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **die** | future | It | | | | | without its tail | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ### Option 4 {#o4} It will turn into a frog ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders:t11:o4:1 # text = It will turn into a frog 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 into into ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | future | It | | | | | into a frog *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into frog=Result | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/t10/) - next →: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/t12/) - ↑ back to [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/)