---
title: Identify the function of the hood displayed by a cobra. — Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mamb… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the function of the hood displayed by a cobra. Exam question 1 of lesson 322 «Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was righ
---

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# Exam question 1 · Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattl…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the function of the hood displayed by a cobra.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, display · **To what, where:** function, hood

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 322 «Snakes to keep away from: cobras, mambas, vipers and rattlesnakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes:e1:1
# text = Identify the function of the hood displayed by a cobra.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hood	hood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	displayed	display	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cobra	cobra	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the function of the hood |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme |
| 2 | **display** | participle |  | the hood *not said here* |  |  |  | by a cobra | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It constitutes a warning that deters a potential attacker

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes:e1:o1:1
# text = It constitutes a warning that deters a potential attacker
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	deters	deter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	potential	potential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	attacker	attacker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | It | a warning |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme warning=Pivot |
| 2 | **deter** | present | a warning | a potential attacker |  |  |  |  | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer attacker=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It enables the animal to glide between trees when pursued by an enemy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes:e1:o2:1
# text = It enables the animal to glide between trees when pursued by an enemy
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	enables	enable	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	glide	glide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	between	between	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
10	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | present | It | the animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **glide** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | trees |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between tree=Trajectory |
| 3 | **pursue** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by a enemy | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by enemy=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is employed in the incubation of eggs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes:e1:o3:1
# text = It is employed in the incubation of eggs
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	incubation	incubation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | present · passive |  | It |  | the incubation of eggs |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **incubate** |  | eggs |  |  |  |  |  | nom incubation «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It serves to capture flying insects

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:322-snakes-to-keep-away-from-cobras-mambas-vipers-and-rattlesnakes:e1:o4:1
# text = It serves to capture flying insects
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	capture	capture	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **capture** | to-infinitive |  | flying insects |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme |
| 3 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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