---
title: «falcon's just a small hawk, everyone knows that» What does DNA show? — Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vul… · tree and pragmatics
description: «falcon's just a small hawk, everyone knows that» What does DNA show? Test 1 · ★★ of lesson 324 «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 1 · ★★ · Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«falcon's just a small hawk, everyone knows that» What does DNA show?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** falcon, everyone, DNA · **What happens:** be, know, show · **To what, where:** small hawk · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 324 «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t1:1
# text = «falcon's just a small hawk, everyone knows that» What does DNA show?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	falcon	falcon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	10	nsubj	_	_
10	knows	know	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	obj	_	_
14	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	DNA	DNA	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | falcon | a small hawk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **know** *in a quote* | present | everyone | a small hawk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | present · do-support | DNA |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Falcons are closer to bats than to birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t1:o1:1
# text = Falcons are closer to bats than to birds
1	Falcons	falcon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Falcons |  |  |  |  | to bats; than birds; close *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, a falcon is just a baby hawk that has not grown up yet

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t1:o2:1
# text = Yes, a falcon is just a baby hawk that has not grown up yet
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	falcon	falcon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	hawk	hawk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a falcon | a baby hawk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **grow up** | present · perfect | a baby hawk |  |  |  | yet |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Falcons are closer to parrots and songbirds than to hawks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t1:o3:1
# text = Falcons are closer to parrots and songbirds than to hawks
1	Falcons	falcon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	parrots	parrot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	songbirds	songbird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	hawks	hawk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Falcons |  |  |  |  | to parrots and songbirds; than hawks; close *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Falcons are a kind of owl

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t1:o4:1
# text = Falcons are a kind of owl
1	Falcons	falcon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Falcons | a kind |  |  |  | of owl | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Eagles: golden eagles, harpy eagles, S…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/323-eagles-golden-eagles-harpy-eagles-stellers-sea-eagles-and-eagle-eyes/e4/)
- next →: [Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vul…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/)