---
title: Why is a motorway verge a good place for a kestrel to hunt? — Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vul… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why is a motorway verge a good place for a kestrel to hunt? Test 8 · ★★ of lesson 324 «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 8 · ★★ · Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why is a motorway verge a good place for a kestrel to hunt?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** motorway verge · **What happens:** be, hunt · **To what, where:** good place

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This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 324 «Falcons, hawks, kites, ospreys and vultures» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t8:1
# text = Why is a motorway verge a good place for a kestrel to hunt?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	verge	verge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	kestrel	kestrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a motorway verge | a good place |  |  |  | for a kestrel | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kestrels like the noise

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t8:o1:1
# text = Kestrels like the noise
1	Kestrels	kestrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The verge is warmer than the sky

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t8:o2:1
# text = The verge is warmer than the sky
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	verge	verge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	warmer	warm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the verge |  |  |  |  | than the sky; warm *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The long grass is full of voles and mice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t8:o3:1
# text = The long grass is full of voles and mice
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	voles	vole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the long grass |  |  |  |  | of voles and mice; full *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cars give kestrels free food every day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:324-falcons-hawks-kites-ospreys-and-vultures:t8:o4:1
# text = Cars give kestrels free food every day
1	Cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	kestrels	kestrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Cars | kestrels |  |  | day |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent kestrel=Recipient food=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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