---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Foods that are dangerous for pets: cho… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hazard posed by chocolate to domestic dogs? Exam question 1 of lesson 331 «Foods that are dangerous for pets: chocolate, grapes, onions and lilies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmat
---

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# Exam question 1 · Foods that are dangerous for pets: chocolate, grapes, onio…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hazard posed by chocolate to domestic dogs?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, pose · **To what, where:** hazard

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 331 «Foods that are dangerous for pets: chocolate, grapes, onions and lilies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the hazard posed by chocolate to domestic dogs?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hazard	hazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	posed	pose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	domestic	domestic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the hazard |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pose** | participle |  | the hazard *not said here* |  |  |  | by chocolate | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A constituent of chocolate is eliminated very slowly by the canine body and accumulates to harmful levels

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies:e1:o1:1
# text = A constituent of chocolate is eliminated very slowly by the canine body and accumulates to harmful levels
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	constituent	constituent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	eliminated	eliminate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	canine	canine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	accumulates	accumulate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eliminate** | present · passive | the canine body | a constituent of chocolate |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **accumulate** | present | the canine body *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to harmful levels | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chocolate is harmless to dogs provided it is of the dark variety

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies:e1:o2:1
# text = Chocolate is harmless to dogs provided it is of the dark variety
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	provided	provide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Chocolate |  |  |  |  | of the dark variety; harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **provide** | past | dogs | Chocolate |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chocolate presents a hazard exclusively when consumed in a frozen state

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies:e1:o3:1
# text = Chocolate presents a hazard exclusively when consumed in a frozen state
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	hazard	hazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	frozen	freeze	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | present | Chocolate | a hazard |  |  |  | exclusively *property* | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hazard=Theme |
| 2 | **consume** | participle | Chocolate *not said here* |  |  | a frozen state |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **freeze** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chocolate is hazardous to dogs solely on account of its sugar content, which causes immediate damage to the teeth

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies:e1:o4:1
# text = Chocolate is hazardous to dogs solely on account of its sugar content, which causes immediate damage to the teeth
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	content	content	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
16	immediate	immediate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Chocolate |  |  |  |  | to dogs on account of Chocolate's sugar content; hazardous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cause** | present | Chocolate's sugar content | immediate damage |  |  |  | to the teeth | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition damage=Patient |
| 3 | **account** |  |  | Chocolate's sugar content |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Foods that are dangerous for pets: cho…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies/t11/)
- next →: [Foods that are dangerous for pets: cho…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Foods that are dangerous for pets: chocolate, grapes, onions and lilies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/331-foods-that-are-dangerous-for-pets-chocolate-grapes-onions-and-lilies/)