---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the population of aphids upo… — The garden in summer: flowers, aphids,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the population of aphids upon a plant may increase greatly within a few days during the summer. Exam question 1 of lesson 334 «The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flying ant day» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the depende
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The garden in summer: flowers, aphids,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flyin…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the population of aphids upon a plant may increase greatly within a few days during the summer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, population · **What happens:** identify, increase · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 334 «The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flying ant day» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the population of aphids upon a plant may increase greatly within a few days during the summer.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	aphids	aphid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	increase	increase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
16	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	within	within	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
21	during	during	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **increase** | may | the population of aphids upon a plant |  |  |  | day; summer | for the principal reason; greatly *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each aphid deposits several million eggs upon a single occasion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day:e1:o1:1
# text = Each aphid deposits several million eggs upon a single occasion
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	aphid	aphid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	deposits	deposit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	occasion	occasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deposit** | present | each aphid | million eggs |  | a single occasion |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme upon occasion=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aphids divide into two separate individuals at intervals of one minute

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day:e1:o2:1
# text = Aphids divide into two separate individuals at intervals of one minute
1	Aphids	aphid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	divide	divide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	individuals	individual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	intervals	interval	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | present | Aphids |  |  | two separate individuals |  | at intervals of one minute | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Female aphids produce live young without the participation of a father, each young already bearing young of its own

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day:e1:o3:1
# text = Female aphids produce live young without the participation of a father, each young already bearing young of its own
1	Female	female	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	aphids	aphid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	produce	produce	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	live	live	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	young	young	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	participation	participation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
15	already	already	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	bearing	bear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	young	young	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | present | Female aphids |  |  |  |  | without the participation of a father and each young bearing young of its own; live, young *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bear** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **participate** |  | a father |  |  |  |  |  | nom participation «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aphids migrate to the plant in great numbers from distant regions each night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day:e1:o4:1
# text = Aphids migrate to the plant in great numbers from distant regions each night
1	Aphids	aphid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	migrate	migrate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	regions	region	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **migrate** | present | Aphids |  |  | great numbers from distant regions | night | to the plant | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The garden in summer: flowers, aphids,…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/t11/)
- next →: [The garden in summer: flowers, aphids,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/e2/)
- ↑ back to [The garden in summer: flowers, aphids, ladybirds and flying ant day](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/334-the-garden-in-summer-flowers-aphids-ladybirds-and-flying-ant-day/)