---
title: «the cold paints the leaves red, that's what Jack Frost does in the… — The garden in autumn: colours, conkers… · tree and pragmatics
description: «the cold paints the leaves red, that's what Jack Frost does in the film» What is right? Test 11 · ★★ of lesson 335 «The garden in autumn: colours, conkers, webs and buried nuts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Test 11 · ★★ · The garden in autumn: colours, conkers, webs and buried nuts

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«the cold paints the leaves red, that's what Jack Frost does in the film» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cold, that, Jack · **What happens:** paint, be, do · **To what, where:** leaves, film

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 335 «The garden in autumn: colours, conkers, webs and buried nuts» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts:t11:1
# text = «the cold paints the leaves red, that's what Jack Frost does in the film» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
4	paints	paint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	parataxis	_	_
12	Jack	Jack	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
13	Frost	Frost	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
19	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	21	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** *in a quote* | present | the cold | the leaves |  |  |  | red *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Destination |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** *in a quote* | present | Jack |  |  | the film |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tree makes the reds itself; sunny days and cold nights make them brightest

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts:t11:o1:1
# text = The tree makes the reds itself; sunny days and cold nights make them brightest
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reds	red	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	brightest	bright	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the tree | the reds  tree |  |  | day |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset red=Product |
| 2 | **make** | present | cold nights | reds *= red* |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only cold nights with no sun make red

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts:t11:o2:1
# text = Only cold nights with no sun make red
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	nights	night	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | cold nights with no sun |  |  |  |  | red *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaves turn red from the rain

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts:t11:o3:1
# text = Leaves turn red from the rain
1	Leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | Leaves |  |  | the rain |  | red *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from rain=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, frost paints every leaf red overnight, and rain then washes the colour off

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:335-the-garden-in-autumn-colours-conkers-webs-and-buried-nuts:t11:o4:1
# text = Yes, frost paints every leaf red overnight, and rain then washes the colour off
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	paints	paint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
8	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	washes	wash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	off	off	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present | frost | every leaf |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent leaf=Destination |
| 2 | **wash off** | present | rain | the colour |  |  | then |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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