---
title: «dragonflies are just big flies, they can't hunt» What is right? — The park pond through the year: ducks,… · tree and pragmatics
description: «dragonflies are just big flies, they can't hunt» What is right? Test 6 of lesson 337 «The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, dragonflies and ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Test 6 · The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, drago…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«dragonflies are just big flies, they can't hunt» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** dragonflies · **What happens:** be, not hunt · **To what, where:** big flies

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 337 «The park pond through the year: ducks, coots, swans, dragonflies and ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice/#t6).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice:t6:1
# text = «dragonflies are just big flies, they can't hunt» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	dragonflies	dragonfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | dragonflies | big flies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **hunt** *in a quote* | can | dragonflies *= dragonfly* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dragonflies sting people for food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice:t6:o1:1
# text = Dragonflies sting people for food
1	Dragonflies	dragonfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | present | Dragonflies | people |  |  |  | for food | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dragonflies are expert hunters that catch almost every insect they chase

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice:t6:o2:1
# text = Dragonflies are expert hunters that catch almost every insect they chase
1	Dragonflies	dragonfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	expert	expert	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	chase	chase	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Dragonflies | expert hunters |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | present | expert hunters | every insect |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme |
| 3 | **chase** | present | Dragonflies *= dragonfly* | every insect *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dragonflies are too slow to catch flies, so they eat dead ones

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice:t6:o3:1
# text = Dragonflies are too slow to catch flies, so they eat dead ones
1	Dragonflies	dragonfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	flies	fly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dragonflies |  |  |  |  | slow *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **catch** | to-infinitive | Dragonflies *not said here* | flies |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fly=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | present | Dragonflies *= dragonfly* | dead ones |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dragonflies eat only leaves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:337-the-park-pond-through-the-year-ducks-coots-swans-dragonflies-and-ice:t6:o4:1
# text = Dragonflies eat only leaves
1	Dragonflies	dragonfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Dragonflies | leaves |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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