---
title: Ascertain the relation between the bark of the willow and a medicine… — Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the relation between the bark of the willow and a medicine in present use. Exam question 4 of lesson 339 «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a
---

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# Exam question 4 · Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, lime…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the relation between the bark of the willow and a medicine in present use.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain · **To what, where:** relation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 339 «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the relation between the bark of the willow and a medicine in present use.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	relation	relation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the relation |  |  |  | between the bark of the willow and a medicine in present use | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relation=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Willow bark is employed in the manufacture of vaccines

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart:e4:o1:1
# text = Willow bark is employed in the manufacture of vaccines
1	Willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	employed	employ	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	manufacture	manufacture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	vaccines	vaccine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | present · passive |  | Willow bark |  | the manufacture of vaccines |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **manufacture** |  |  | vaccines |  |  |  |  | nom manufacture «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No substance of medical interest has been found in willow bark

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart:e4:o2:1
# text = No substance of medical interest has been found in willow bark
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present · perfect · passive |  | no substance of medical interest |  | willow bark |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Willow bark is the source of all modern antibiotics

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart:e4:o3:1
# text = Willow bark is the source of all modern antibiotics
1	Willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	antibiotics	antibiotic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Willow bark | the source |  |  |  | of all modern antibiotics | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chemical in willow bark, formerly used to relieve pain, resembles that from which aspirin was later made

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart:e4:o4:1
# text = A chemical in willow bark, formerly used to relieve pain, resembles that from which aspirin was later made
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chemical	chemical	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	willow	willow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	formerly	formerly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	relieve	relieve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
13	resembles	resemble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	nsubj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	17	det	_	_
17	aspirin	aspirin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
19	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
20	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  | willow bark *not said here* |  |  |  | formerly *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **relieve** | to-infinitive |  | pain |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus pain=Experiencer |
| 3 | **resemble** | present | a chemical in willow bark |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | past · passive |  | that |  |  |  | late *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/e3/)
- next →: [Weeds and wildflowers: dandelions, net…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/340-weeds-and-wildflowers-dandelions-nettles-daisies-clover-and-plantain/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/)