---
title: In a game, an eagle grabs a fish from a lake with its beak while fly… — Birds of prey and owls · tree and pragmatics
description: In a game, an eagle grabs a fish from a lake with its beak while flying. Which real bird is built to grab fish, and how? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 34 «Birds of prey and owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova'
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · Birds of prey and owls

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a game, an eagle grabs a fish from a lake with its beak while flying. Which real bird is built to grab fish, and how?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** eagle · **What happens:** grab, fly, build · **To what, where:** fish, game

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 34 «Birds of prey and owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/34-birds-of-prey-and-owls/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a game, an eagle grabs a fish from a lake with its beak while flying.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:1
# text = In a game, an eagle grabs a fish from a lake with its beak while flying.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	eagle	eagle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	grabs	grab	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
16	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grab** | present | a eagle | a fish |  | a game |  | from a lake; with eagle's beak | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent fish=Theme from lake=Source |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund | a eagle *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which real bird is built to grab fish, and how?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:2
# text = Which real bird is built to grab fish, and how?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	grab	grab	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **grab** | to-infinitive |  | fish |  |  |  |  | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The barn owl, with its beak only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:o1:1
# text = The barn owl, with its beak only
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The osprey, diving feet first and gripping with its toes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:o2:1
# text = The osprey, diving feet first and gripping with its toes
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	osprey	osprey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	diving	dive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	gripping	grip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	toes	toe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dive** | gerund | the osprey | feet |  |  |  | first *property* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location foot=Theme |
| 2 | **grip** | gerund | the osprey *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with osprey's toes | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with toe=Instrument |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The vulture, with its strong stomach and bald head

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:o3:1
# text = The vulture, with its strong stomach and bald head
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	vulture	vulture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	bald	bald	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kestrel, with its tail

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:34-birds-of-prey-and-owls:t11:o4:1
# text = The kestrel, with its tail
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kestrel	kestrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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