---
title: Why does it take so many litres of milk to make one kilogram of butt… — Where milk comes from: cow to carton,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why does it take so many litres of milk to make one kilogram of butter or cheese? Test 8 of lesson 341 «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 8 · Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and y…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why does it take so many litres of milk to make one kilogram of butter or cheese?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** take, make · **To what, where:** it, one kilogram

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 of lesson 341 «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt:t8:1
# text = Why does it take so many litres of milk to make one kilogram of butter or cheese?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	expl	_	_
4	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	kilogram	kilogram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · do-support |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | one kilogram of butter or cheese |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kilogram=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Butter and cheese need milk to be boiled away completely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt:t8:o1:1
# text = Butter and cheese need milk to be boiled away completely
1	Butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	boiled	boil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	xcomp	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | Butter and cheese | milk |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **boil away** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | milk *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, completely *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V» |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk is mostly water, and only a small part becomes butter or cheese

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt:t8:o2:1
# text = Milk is mostly water, and only a small part becomes butter or cheese
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	butter	butter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	xcomp	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	cheese	cheese	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Milk | water |  |  |  | mostly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | present | a small part | butter or cheese |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cows drink most of the milk back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt:t8:o3:1
# text = The cows drink most of the milk back
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cows	cow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drink	drink	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | present | the cows | most of the milk |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Half the milk is spilt on the way

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt:t8:o4:1
# text = Half the milk is spilt on the way
1	Half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	spilt	spilt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spilt** | present · passive |  | half milk |  | the way |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/t7/)
- next →: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, test 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/t9/)
- ↑ back to [Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/)