---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Nuts, beans, seeds and spices · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contribution of Gregor Mendel? Exam question 2 of lesson 348 «Nuts, beans, seeds and spices» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 2 · Nuts, beans, seeds and spices

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contribution of Gregor Mendel?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, contribute · **To what, where:** contribution, Gregor Mendel

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 348 «Nuts, beans, seeds and spices» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the contribution of Gregor Mendel?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	contribution	contribution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	Gregor	Gregor	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Mendel	Mendel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the contribution of Gregor Mendel |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **contribute** |  |  | Gregor Mendel |  |  |  |  | nom contribution «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He invented the first method of freezing peas

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices:e2:o1:1
# text = He invented the first method of freezing peas
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	freezing	freezing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invent** | past | He | the first method of freezing peas |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent method=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He demonstrated that peas grow beneath the soil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices:e2:o2:1
# text = He demonstrated that peas grow beneath the soil
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **demonstrate** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic |
| 2 | **grow** | present | peas |  |  | the soil |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath soil=Location |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He discovered the bacteria that inhabit the roots of beans

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices:e2:o3:1
# text = He discovered the bacteria that inhabit the roots of beans
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	discovered	discover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	inhabit	inhabit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	beans	bean	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discover** | past | He | the bacteria |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bacterium=Topic |
| 2 | **inhabit** | present | the bacteria | the roots of beans |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By counting the features of peas on thousands of plants he discovered how features pass from parents to offspring

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:348-nuts-beans-seeds-and-spices:e2:o4:1
# text = By counting the features of peas on thousands of plants he discovered how features pass from parents to offspring
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	counting	count	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	discovered	discover	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	features	feature	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	pass	pass	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	ccomp	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	offspring	offspring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | gerund | he *not said here* | the features of peas |  | thousands of plants |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feature=Theme |
| 2 | **discover** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **pass** | present | features |  |  | offspring |  | from parents | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from parent=Initial\_Location to offspring=Destination |
| 4 | **feature** |  |  | peas |  |  |  |  | nom feature «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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