---
title: Ascertain the reason for which many dairy cattle are housed indoors… — A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which many dairy cattle are housed indoors during winter. Exam question 3 of lesson 349 «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Exam question 3 · A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter f…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which many dairy cattle are housed indoors during winter.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, house · **To what, where:** reason, many dairy cattle

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 349 «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which many dairy cattle are housed indoors during winter.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	dairy	dairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	housed	house	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
11	indoors	indoors	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	during	during	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **house** | present · passive |  | many dairy cattle |  |  | winter | for the reason; indoors *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cattle cannot tolerate the sight of snow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding:e3:o1:1
# text = Cattle cannot tolerate the sight of snow
1	Cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	tolerate	tolerate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **tolerate** | can | Cattle | the sight of snow |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sight=Stimulus |
| 2 | **sight** |  |  | snow |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Milk would otherwise freeze within the udder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding:e3:o2:1
# text = Milk would otherwise freeze within the udder
1	Milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	otherwise	otherwise	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	freeze	freeze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	udder	udder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | would | Milk |  |  |  |  | within the udder; otherwise *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cattle are obliged to hibernate in darkness throughout the coldest months of the year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding:e3:o3:1
# text = Cattle are obliged to hibernate in darkness throughout the coldest months of the year
1	Cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hibernate	hibernate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	coldest	cold	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | present · passive |  | Cattle |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **hibernate** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | darkness | month |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in darkness=Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fields are waterlogged and the growth of grass is negligible

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding:e3:o4:1
# text = The fields are waterlogged and the growth of grass is negligible
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	waterlogged	waterlogg	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	negligible	negligible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **waterlogg** | present · passive |  | the fields |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the growth of grass |  |  |  |  | negligible *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** |  | grass |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/e2/)
- next →: [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/e4/)
- ↑ back to [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/)