---
title: Mum cuts a toenail into a deep curve at the corner, and a week later… — Nails, sweat and smells: smelly feet,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mum cuts a toenail into a deep curve at the corner, and a week later the toe is red and sore. What has probably happened? Test 10 of lesson 356 «Nails, sweat and smells: smelly feet, armpits and bad breath» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of th
---

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# Test 10 · Nails, sweat and smells: smelly feet, armpits and bad breath

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum cuts a toenail into a deep curve at the corner, and a week later the toe is red and sore. What has probably happened?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Mum, toe · **What happens:** cut, be, happen · **To what, where:** toenail, deep curve

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 356 «Nails, sweat and smells: smelly feet, armpits and bad breath» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mum cuts a toenail into a deep curve at the corner, and a week later the toe is red and sore.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:1
# text = Mum cuts a toenail into a deep curve at the corner, and a week later the toe is red and sore.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	toenail	toenail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	curve	curve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:unmarked	_	_
16	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	toe	toe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | present | Mum | a toenail |  | a deep curve at the corner |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent toenail=Material into curve=Product |
| 2 | **is** | present | the toe |  |  |  |  | late, red *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | the toe *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What has probably happened?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:2
# text = What has probably happened?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | probably *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toe has a bruise from the scissors

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:o1:1
# text = The toe has a bruise from the scissors
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toe	toe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the toe | a bruise |  | the scissors |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bruise=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nail edge has grown into the skin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:o2:1
# text = The nail edge has grown into the skin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	nail	nail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present · perfect | the nail edge |  |  |  |  | into the skin *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into skin=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toe is broken

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:o3:1
# text = The toe is broken
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toe	toe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · passive |  | the toe |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nail has fallen off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath:t10:o4:1
# text = The nail has fallen off
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nail	nail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | present · perfect | the nail |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Nails, sweat and smells: smelly feet, armpits and bad breath](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/356-nails-sweat-and-smells-smelly-feet-armpits-and-bad-breath/)