---
title: «fell on me bum, now it hurts to sit, but there's no bone there righ… — Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine a… · tree and pragmatics
description: «fell on me bum, now it hurts to sit, but there's no bone there right» What is right? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 357 «Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«fell on me bum, now it hurts to sit, but there's no bone there right» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** bum, bone · **What happens:** fall, hurt, sit, be · **To what, where:** bum · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 357 «Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs:t8:1
# text = «fell on me bum, now it hurts to sit, but there's no bone there right» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	bum	bum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	hurts	hurt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	15	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
16	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	17	det	_	_
17	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
18	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
19	right	right	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
21	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	23	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** *in a quote* | past |  | bum |  |  |  | on me | tree rules |
| 2 | **hurt** *in a quote* | present | bum |  |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | bum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **be** *in a quote* | present | no bone |  |  | there; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the hip bones are there

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs:t8:o1:1
# text = Only the hip bones are there
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	hip	hip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the hip bones *not said here* |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Right, there is no bone there at all, only soft fat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs:t8:o2:1
# text = Right, there is no bone there at all, only soft fat
1	Right	right	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
7	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | all |  | there *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a muscle, not a bone, that hurts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs:t8:o3:1
# text = It is a muscle, not a bone, that hurts
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hurts	hurt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a muscle and a bone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hurt** | present | that |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The tailbone is there, and muscles attach to it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs:t8:o4:1
# text = The tailbone is there, and muscles attach to it
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tailbone	tailbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	attach	attach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the tailbone |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **attach** | present | muscles |  | tailbone |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to it=Co-Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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