---
title: Ascertain the use made by leafcutter ants of the foliage which they… — Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the use made by leafcutter ants of the foliage which they harvest. Exam question 3 of lesson 36 «Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 3 · Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the use made by leafcutter ants of the foliage which they harvest.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, ants · **What happens:** ascertain, make, harvest · **To what, where:** use, foliage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 36 «Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the use made by leafcutter ants of the foliage which they harvest.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	leafcutter	leafcutt	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	foliage	foliage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	harvest	harvest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the use |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | the use *not said here* |  |  |  | by leafcutter ants of the foliage | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **harvest** | present | ants *= ant* | the foliage |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The roofing of their nest

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps:e3:o1:1
# text = The roofing of their nest
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	roofing	roofing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cultivation of a fungus upon which they feed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps:e3:o2:1
# text = The cultivation of a fungus upon which they feed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cultivation	cultivation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fungus	fungus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obl	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	feed	feed	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | present | they |  |  |  |  | upon a fungus | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cultivate** |  |  | a fungus |  |  |  |  | nom cultivation «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Direct consumption as food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps:e3:o3:1
# text = Direct consumption as food
1	Direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	consumption	consumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wrapping and protection of their eggs during the cold season

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps:e3:o4:1
# text = The wrapping and protection of their eggs during the cold season
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wrapping	wrapping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** |  |  | wrapping's eggs |  |  |  |  | nom protection «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/e2/)
- next →: [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/)