---
title: In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut… — Sleep and dreams in people · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry. What is wrong with this picture? Test 8 of lesson 363 «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Test 8 · Sleep and dreams in people

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry. What is wrong with this picture?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Tom · **What happens:** sleepwalk, dream, chase, be · **To what, where:** cartoon, Jerry

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This is test 8 of lesson 363 «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:1
# text = In a cartoon, Tom sleepwalks along a washing line with his eyes shut, dreaming of chasing Jerry.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sleepwalks	sleepwalk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	along	along	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	dreaming	dream	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
17	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	chasing	chase	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
19	Jerry	Jerry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleepwalk** | present | Tom |  |  | a cartoon |  | along a washing line with Tom's eyes; shut *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory |
| 2 | **dream** | gerund | Tom *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **chase** | gerund | Tom *not said here* | Jerry |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jerry=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is wrong with this picture?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:2
# text = What is wrong with this picture?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	det	_	_
6	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | with this picture; wrong *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real sleepwalking happens in deep sleep, not while dreaming, and dreaming switches muscles off

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:o1:1
# text = Real sleepwalking happens in deep sleep, not while dreaming, and dreaming switches muscles off
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sleepwalking	sleepwalking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	dreaming	dream	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	dreaming	dream	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
14	switches	switch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	compound	_	_
15	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	off	off	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Real sleepwalking |  |  | deep sleep |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in sleep=Location |
| 2 | **not** **dream** | gerund | Real sleepwalking *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **dream off** | gerund | Real sleepwalking *not said here* | switches muscles |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Topic |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real sleepwalkers can walk on washing lines safely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:o2:1
# text = Real sleepwalkers can walk on washing lines safely
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sleepwalkers	sleepwalker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	washing	washing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | can | Real sleepwalkers |  |  | washing lines |  | safely *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on line=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sleepwalkers always keep their eyes shut

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:o3:1
# text = Sleepwalkers always keep their eyes shut
1	Sleepwalkers	sleepwalker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	shut	shut	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Sleepwalkers | Sleepwalkers's eyes |  |  |  | always, shut *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats never sleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people:t8:o4:1
# text = Cats never sleep
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sleep** | present | Cats |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Sleep and dreams in people, test 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/t7/)
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