---
title: «a dung beetle pulls over a thousand times its weight, so a person-s… — Tiny champions: the strongest beetle,… · tree and pragmatics
description: «a dung beetle pulls over a thousand times its weight, so a person-sized one would pull six buses lol» What is true? Test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the depende
---

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# Test 1 · ★★★ · Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«a dung beetle pulls over a thousand times its weight, so a person-sized one would pull six buses lol» What is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** dung beetle, sized one · **What happens:** pull over, pull, be · **To what, where:** six buses · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 365 «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede:t1:1
# text = «a dung beetle pulls over a thousand times its weight, so a person-sized one would pull six buses lol» What is true?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	dung	dung	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	beetle	beetle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	pulls	pull	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	csubj	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	sized	sized	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
21	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	22	nummod	_	_
22	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	lol	lol	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
25	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	27	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull over** *in a quote* | present | a dung beetle |  |  |  | time |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pull** *in a quote* | would | a sized one | six buses |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bus=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, a big beetle would be even stronger for its size

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede:t1:o1:1
# text = Yes, a big beetle would be even stronger for its size
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	9	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	beetle	beetle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	cop	_	_
8	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | would | a big beetle |  |  |  |  | for beetle's size; strong *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, all big animals are as strong as beetles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede:t1:o2:1
# text = Yes, all big animals are as strong as beetles
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	as	as	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	beetles	beetle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | all big animals |  |  |  |  | as beetles; strong *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, if it grew to our size its weight would grow much faster than its strength

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede:t1:o3:1
# text = No, if it grew to our size its weight would grow much faster than its strength
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	much	much	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	12	advmod	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | it |  |  |  |  | to our size | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | would | size's weight | our size *not said here* |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location size=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, beetles have no muscles at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede:t1:o4:1
# text = No, beetles have no muscles at all
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	beetles	beetle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | beetles | no muscles |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The body's rough side: burps, farts, s…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/364-the-body-s-rough-side-burps-farts-snot-sneezes-hiccups-and-poo/e4/)
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