---
title: Why might a scavenger of the deep sea need to survive months without… — Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-n… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why might a scavenger of the deep sea need to survive months without food? Test 12 of lesson 366 «Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangolins and hagfish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Test 12 · Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas,…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why might a scavenger of the deep sea need to survive months without food?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** scavenger · **What happens:** need, survive

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 of lesson 366 «Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangolins and hagfish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/#t12).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish:t12:1
# text = Why might a scavenger of the deep sea need to survive months without food?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	scavenger	scavenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	survive	survive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	without	without	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a scavenger of the deep sea |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **survive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a scavenger of the deep sea *not said here* |  |  |  | month | without food | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It only eats on its birthday, once every year

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish:t12:o1:1
# text = It only eats on its birthday, once every year
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | It |  |  | its birthday |  | once *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food down there is poisonous, so it can only eat very little at a time

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish:t12:o2:1
# text = Food down there is poisonous, so it can only eat very little at a time
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	5	expl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obj	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Food |  |  | there |  | poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | can | Food | little |  |  | time |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dead whales and fish fall rarely, so meals may be far apart

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish:t12:o3:1
# text = Dead whales and fish fall rarely, so meals may be far apart
1	Dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	rarely	rarely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	meals	meal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
13	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | Dead whales and fish |  |  |  |  | apart, rarely *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | may | meals |  |  |  |  | far *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It does not like eating and only nibbles for fun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish:t12:o4:1
# text = It does not like eating and only nibbles for fun
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	nibbles	nibble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **like** | present · do-support | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **nibble** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for fun | vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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