---
title: How could a new house be built to welcome sparrows and swifts? — City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift… · tree and pragmatics
description: How could a new house be built to welcome sparrows and swifts? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 369 «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregri…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How could a new house be built to welcome sparrows and swifts?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **What happens:** build, welcome · **To what, where:** new house, sparrows

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 369 «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings:t9:1
# text = How could a new house be built to welcome sparrows and swifts?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	welcome	welcome	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	swifts	swift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | could · passive |  | a new house |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **welcome** | to-infinitive |  | sparrows and swifts |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sparrow=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With no gaps anywhere

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings:t9:o1:1
# text = With no gaps anywhere
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	3	det	_	_
3	gaps	gap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With sharp spikes on every ledge and windowsill to keep them safe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings:t9:o2:1
# text = With sharp spikes on every ledge and windowsill to keep them safe
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	spikes	spike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	ledge	ledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	windowsill	windowsill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | to-infinitive |  | ledge |  |  |  | safe *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With small gaps or special nest bricks under the roof

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings:t9:o3:1
# text = With small gaps or special nest bricks under the roof
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	gaps	gap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With glass walls only

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings:t9:o4:1
# text = With glass walls only
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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