---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process within the chrysalis? Exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshop…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process within the chrysalis?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** process

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 37 «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process within the chrysalis?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	chrysalis	chrysalis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the process |  |  |  | of the following statements; within the chrysalis; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Much of the larval body is broken down and reconstructed into the adult form

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers:e1:o1:1
# text = Much of the larval body is broken down and reconstructed into the adult form
1	Much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	larval	larval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	down	down	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	reconstructed	reconstruct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | present · passive |  | Much of the larval body |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **reconstruct** | participle |  |  |  | the adult form |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar merely sleeps until wings emerge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers:e1:o2:1
# text = The caterpillar merely sleeps until wings emerge
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	merely	merely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	sleeps	sleep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	until	until	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	emerge	emerge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | the caterpillar |  |  |  | until wings | merely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **emerge** | infinitive | the caterpillar *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar is replaced by a different animal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers:e1:o3:1
# text = The caterpillar is replaced by a different animal
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	replaced	replace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **replace** | present · passive | a different animal | the caterpillar |  |  |  |  | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The caterpillar lays an egg which, in due course, develops into the winged butterfly

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers:e1:o4:1
# text = The caterpillar lays an egg which, in due course, develops into the winged butterfly
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	develops	develop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	winged	wing	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | the caterpillar | a egg |  | due course |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in course=Destination |
| 2 | **develop** | present | the caterpillar *not said here* |  |  |  |  | into the winged butterfly | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into butterfly=Product |
| 3 | **wing** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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