---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a person ought to remain mot… — Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a person ought to remain motionless, rather than flee, when approached by an unfamiliar dog. Exam question 1 of lesson 371 «Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety and never touching a strange animal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the depe
---

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# Exam question 1 · Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety and never touching a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a person ought to remain motionless, rather than flee, when approached by an unfamiliar dog.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, person · **What happens:** identify, remain, flee, approach · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 371 «Street dogs and cats: feeding, safety and never touching a strange animal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a person ought to remain motionless, rather than flee, when approached by an unfamiliar dog.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
12	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	rather	rather	ADV	RB	ExtPos=CCONJ	16	cc	_	_
15	than	than	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
19	approached	approach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **remain** | ought | a person |  |  |  |  | for the principal reason; motionless *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **flee** | infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **approach** | participle | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs are incapable of perceiving stationary objects

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal:e1:o1:1
# text = Dogs are incapable of perceiving stationary objects
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	incapable	incapable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	perceiving	perceive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	stationary	stationary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	objects	object	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dogs |  |  |  |  | incapable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **perceive** | gerund | Dogs *not said here* | stationary objects |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Flight may provoke the animal to give chase

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal:e1:o2:1
# text = Flight may provoke the animal to give chase
1	Flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	provoke	provoke	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
8	chase	chase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provoke** | may | Flight | the animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | to-infinitive | Flight *not said here* | chase |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chase=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Running is prohibited in public places

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal:e1:o3:1
# text = Running is prohibited in public places
1	Running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **prohibit** | present · passive |  |  |  | public places |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs invariably flee from those who run

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:371-street-dogs-and-cats-feeding-safety-and-never-touching-a-strange-animal:e1:o4:1
# text = Dogs invariably flee from those who run
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	flee	flee	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	obl	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	run	run	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | present | Dogs |  |  | those |  | invariably *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from that=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **run** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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