---
title: Why would a forest need big plant-eaters like bison to stay healthy? — Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why would a forest need big plant-eaters like bison to stay healthy? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 372 «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's c
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/t11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/) / t11

# Test 11 · ★ · Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why would a forest need big plant-eaters like bison to stay healthy?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** forest · **What happens:** need, stay · **To what, where:** big plant eaters

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 372 «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears:t11:1
# text = Why would a forest need big plant-eaters like bison to stay healthy?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	eaters	eater	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bison	bison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
14	healthy	healthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | a forest | big plant eaters |  |  |  | like bison | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot eater=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | to-infinitive | a forest *not said here* |  |  |  |  | healthy *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their grazing keeps clearings open, so more kinds of plants and animals live

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears:t11:o1:1
# text = Their grazing keeps clearings open, so more kinds of plants and animals live
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	grazing	grazing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	clearings	clearing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
8	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Their grazing | clearings |  |  |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clearing=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | present | more kinds of plants and animals |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **graze** |  | Their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom grazing «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They stop the rain from falling

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears:t11:o2:1
# text = They stop the rain from falling
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stop	stop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | present | They | the rain |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality rain=Eventuality |
| 2 | **fall** | gerund | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They eat all the old trees so none are left

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears:t11:o3:1
# text = They eat all the old trees so none are left
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | They | all old trees |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |
| 2 | **leave** | present · passive |  | none |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They keep the wolves fat, so the wolves never need to hunt any other animals

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears:t11:o4:1
# text = They keep the wolves fat, so the wolves never need to hunt any other animals
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	compound	_	_
5	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	16	det	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | They | the wolves fat |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **need** | present | the wolves |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 3 | **hunt** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the wolves *not said here* | any other animals |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/t10/)
- next →: [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/e1/)
- ↑ back to [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/)