---
title: Identify the principal reason for which the Ukrainian portion of the… — Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelican… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which the Ukrainian portion of the Danube delta extends further into the sea with each year. Exam question 1 of lesson 374 «Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dep
---

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# Exam question 1 · Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphin…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which the Ukrainian portion of the Danube delta extends further into the sea with each year.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, Ukrainian portion · **What happens:** identify, extend · **To what, where:** principal reason, sea

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 374 «Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which the Ukrainian portion of the Danube delta extends further into the sea with each year.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Ukrainian	ukrainian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	portion	portion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Danube	Danube	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	delta	delta	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	extends	extend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
15	further	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	14	advmod	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
21	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **extend** | present | the Ukrainian portion of the Danube delta |  |  | the sea | year | for the principal reason; far *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into sea=Path |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sediment transported by the river is deposited at its mouth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:e1:o1:1
# text = Sediment transported by the river is deposited at its mouth
1	Sediment	sediment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	transported	transport	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	deposited	deposit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transport** | participle |  | Sediment *not said here* |  |  |  | by the river | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **deposit** | present · passive |  | Sediment |  | Sediment's mouth |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme at mouth=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reeds displace sea water by their growth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:e1:o2:1
# text = Reeds displace sea water by their growth
1	Reeds	reed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	displace	displace	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **displace** | present | Reeds | sea water |  |  |  | by Reeds's growth | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** |  | Reeds *= reed* |  |  |  |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sand is deposited there by human labour

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:e1:o3:1
# text = Sand is deposited there by human labour
1	Sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	deposited	deposit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deposit** | present · passive | human labour | Sand |  | there |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The level of the Black Sea is falling rapidly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:e1:o4:1
# text = The level of the Black Sea is falling rapidly
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	Black	Black	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present · progressive | the level of the Black Sea |  |  |  |  | rapidly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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