---
title: «sturgeon been around since dinosaurs, so they'll be fine» Why are t… — Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelican… · tree and pragmatics
description: «sturgeon been around since dinosaurs, so they'll be fine» Why are they in danger now? Test 9 · ★★ of lesson 374 «Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/t9/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelican…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/) / t9

# Test 9 · ★★ · Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphin…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«sturgeon been around since dinosaurs, so they'll be fine» Why are they in danger now?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** sturgeon, dinosaurs · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** danger · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 374 «Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:t9:1
# text = «sturgeon been around since dinosaurs, so they'll be fine» Why are they in danger now?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	sturgeon	sturgeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	cop	_	_
4	around	around	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
5	since	since	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	danger	danger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	_
19	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | participle | sturgeon |  |  |  | since dinosaurs | around *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | future | dinosaurs *= dinosaur* |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | dinosaurs *= dinosaur* |  |  | danger | now |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their hard bony plates fall off when they get old, and they cannot grow new ones

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:t9:o1:1
# text = Their hard bony plates fall off when they get old, and they cannot grow new ones
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
17	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | present | Their hard bony plates |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **get** | present | plates *= plate* |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **not** **grow** | can | plates *= plate* | new ones |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location one=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Overfishing for their eggs and meat, and dams blocking their rivers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:t9:o2:1
# text = Overfishing for their eggs and meat, and dams blocking their rivers
1	Overfishing	overfish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	dams	dam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	blocking	block	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	rivers	river	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overfish** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for their eggs and meat | tree rules |
| 2 | **block** | gerund | dams | dams's rivers |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer river=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have forgotten how to swim

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:t9:o3:1
# text = They have forgotten how to swim
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | present · perfect | They |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **swim** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dinosaurs still eat them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies:t9:o4:1
# text = Dinosaurs still eat them
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Dinosaurs | them *= they* |  |  | still |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelican…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/t8/)
- next →: [Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelican…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/t10/)
- ↑ back to [Ukraine's waters: Danube delta pelicans, Black Sea dolphins, sturgeon and gobies](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/374-ukraine-s-waters-danube-delta-pelicans-black-sea-dolphins-sturgeon-and-gobies/)