--- title: Identify the principal function of the folds of skin along the flank… — China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m… · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the principal function of the folds of skin along the flanks of the Chinese giant salamander. Exam question 1 of lesson 378 «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-… Identify the principal function of the folds of skin along the flanks of the Chinese giant salamander. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** principal function This is exam question 1 of lesson 378 «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders:e1:1 # text = Identify the principal function of the folds of skin along the flanks of the Chinese giant salamander. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 principal principal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 function function NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 folds fold NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 10 along along ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 flanks flank NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 15 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 16 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 salamander salamander NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 18 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal function of the folds of skin | | | | along the flanks of the Chinese giant salamander | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} They conceal its eggs ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders:e1:o1:1 # text = They conceal its eggs 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 conceal conceal VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **conceal** | present | They | its eggs | | | | | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} They enlarge the surface through which oxygen is absorbed ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders:e1:o2:1 # text = They enlarge the surface through which oxygen is absorbed 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 enlarge enlarge VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 through through SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 6 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 7 det _ _ 7 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux:pass _ _ 9 absorbed absorb VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 advcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **enlarge** | present | They | the surface | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent surface=Patient | | 2 | **absorb** | present · passive | | which oxygen | | | | | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ### Option 3 {#o3} They store fat for hibernation ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders:e1:o3:1 # text = They store fat for hibernation 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 store store VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 for for ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 hibernation hibernation NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **store** | present | They | fat | | | | for hibernation | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} They serve to frighten predators by making the animal appear larger than it is ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders:e1:o4:1 # text = They serve to frighten predators by making the animal appear larger than it is 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 serve serve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 frighten frighten VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 5 predators predator NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 6 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 7 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 appear appear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 11 larger large ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 10 xcomp _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 cop _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | They | | | | | serve *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **frighten** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | predators | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus predator=Experiencer | | 3 | **make** | gerund | They *not said here* | the animal | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **appear** | infinitive | the animal *not said here* | | | | | large *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/t11/) - next →: [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/e2/) - ↑ back to [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/)