---
title: «turtles had horns? u lying» What is right? — Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa,… · tree and pragmatics
description: «turtles had horns? u lying» What is right? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 383 «Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa, Sarcosuchus, Deinosuchus and giant tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wr
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa, Sarcosuchus, Deinos…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«turtles had horns? u lying» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** u · **What happens:** lie, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 383 «Giant reptiles of the past: Titanoboa, Sarcosuchus, Deinosuchus and giant tortoises» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises:t10:1
# text = «turtles had horns? u lying» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
6	u	you	PRON	PRP	Abbr=Yes|Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** *in a quote* | past | u |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All turtles have horns today

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises:t10:o1:1
# text = All turtles have horns today
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | all turtles | horns |  |  | today |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles never had anything like horns at all, ever, in history

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises:t10:o2:1
# text = Turtles never had anything like horns at all, ever, in history
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | past | Turtles | anything |  | all | ever | like horns; in history | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some Stupendemys shells were reported to have two horns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises:t10:o3:1
# text = Some Stupendemys shells were reported to have two horns
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	Stupendemys	Stupendemys	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	reported	report	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **report** | past · passive |  | some Stupendemys shells |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **have** | to-infinitive |  | two horns |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only sea turtles have horns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:383-giant-reptiles-of-the-past-titanoboa-sarcosuchus-deinosuchus-and-giant-tortoises:t10:o4:1
# text = Only sea turtles have horns
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | sea turtles | horns |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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