---
title: «why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did… — Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Ka… · tree and pragmatics
description: «why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?» What is right? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 387 «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and A…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** monkey, stones · **What happens:** use, copy, be · **To what, where:** stones

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 387 «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:1
# text = «why'd a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa both use stones, did they copy?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'd	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	monkey	monkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chimp	chimp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	both	both	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
15	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	copy	copy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** *in a quote* | would | a monkey in Brazil and a chimp in Africa | stones |  |  |  | both *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Patient |
| 2 | **copy** *in a quote* | past · do-support | stones *= stone* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is right?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:2
# text = What is right?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are the same animal, only living in two places far apart

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:o1:1
# text = They are the same animal, only living in two places far apart
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	living	live	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
13	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | the same animal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | the same animal *not said here* |  |  | two places |  | apart *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They worked it out separately, because stones are good for cracking hard nuts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:o2:1
# text = They worked it out separately, because stones are good for cracking hard nuts
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	separately	separately	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
8	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	cracking	crack	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	advcl	_	_
13	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	nuts	nut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work out** | past | They | it |  |  |  | separately *property* | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | stones |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **crack** | gerund | stones *not said here* | hard nuts |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location nut=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The monkeys taught the chimps by phone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:o3:1
# text = The monkeys taught the chimps by phone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | the monkeys | the chimps |  |  |  | by phone | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent chimp=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chimps sailed to Brazil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory:t7:o4:1
# text = The chimps sailed to Brazil
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sailed	sail	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | past | the chimps |  |  | Brazil |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to brazil=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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