--- title: Identify the anatomical feature which permits an octopus to pass thr… — Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the anatomical feature which permits an octopus to pass through apertures of very small dimension. Exam question 1 of lesson 39 «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova' --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish Identify the anatomical feature which permits an octopus to pass through apertures of very small dimension. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, anatomical feature · **What happens:** identify, permit, pass · **To what, where:** anatomical feature, octopus, apertures This is exam question 1 of lesson 39 «Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish:e1:1 # text = Identify the anatomical feature which permits an octopus to pass through apertures of very small dimension. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 anatomical anatomical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 feature feature NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 6 permits permit VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 octopus octopus NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 advcl _ _ 11 through through ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 apertures aperture NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 very very ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 dimension dimension NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 17 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the anatomical feature | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent feature=Theme | | 2 | **permit** | present | the anatomical feature | a octopus | | | | | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent octopus=Theme | | 3 | **pass** | to-infinitive | the anatomical feature *not said here* | | | apertures of small dimension | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through aperture=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} The ability to dissolve its tissues and to reform them afterwards ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish:e1:o1:1 # text = The ability to dissolve its tissues and to reform them afterwards 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 ability ability NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 dissolve dissolve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 acl _ _ 5 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 tissues tissue NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 reform reform VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 10 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ _ 11 afterwards afterwards ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dissolve** | to-infinitive | | ability's tissues | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tissue=Patient | | 2 | **reform** | to-infinitive | | tissues *= tissue* | | | | afterwards *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} The absence of any skeleton save a beak ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish:e1:o2:1 # text = The absence of any skeleton save a beak 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 absence absence NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 5 det _ _ 5 skeleton skeleton NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 6 save save VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 beak beak NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **save** | infinitive | the absence of any skeleton | a beak | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beak=Theme | | 2 | **absent** | | | any skeleton | | | | | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient | ### Option 3 {#o3} A shell which may be detached ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish:e1:o3:1 # text = A shell which may be detached 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 shell shell NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 detached detach VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl:relcl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **detach** | may · passive | | a shell | | | | | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Collapsible bones within each arm ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish:e1:o4:1 # text = Collapsible bones within each arm 1 Collapsible collapsible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 3 within within ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 5 det _ _ 5 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/t12/) - next →: [Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/e2/) - ↑ back to [Octopuses, squid and cuttlefish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/39-octopuses-squid-and-cuttlefish/)