---
title: «my dog's chasing rabbits in his sleep, he told me lol» What is the… — Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, repl… · tree and pragmatics
description: «my dog's chasing rabbits in his sleep, he told me lol» What is the honest answer? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colou…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«my dog's chasing rabbits in his sleep, he told me lol» What is the honest answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** dog · **What happens:** tell, be, sleep · **To what, where:** me, honest answer · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 391 «Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses:t1:1
# text = «my dog's chasing rabbits in his sleep, he told me lol» What is the honest answer?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	chasing	chasing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	rabbits	rabbit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	ccomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	iobj	_	_
14	lol	lol	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | dog |  | me |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent i=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **be** *speech: assert* | present |  | the honest answer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sleep** *in a quote* |  | dog |  |  |  |  |  | nom sleep «state intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is wide awake and just pretending to be asleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses:t1:o1:1
# text = He is wide awake and just pretending to be asleep
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	just	just	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | awake, wide *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pretend** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | asleep *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs never dream, they are just scratching an itch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses:t1:o2:1
# text = Dogs never dream, they are just scratching an itch
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	dream	dream	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	just	just	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	scratching	scratch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	itch	itch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **dream** | present | Dogs |  |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **scratch** | present · progressive | Dogs *= dog* | a itch |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itch=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs really can tell their owners what they dreamed about, by barking

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses:t1:o3:1
# text = Dogs really can tell their owners what they dreamed about, by barking
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	owners	owner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obj	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	dreamed	dream	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	barking	bark	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | can | Dogs | Dogs's owners |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **dream** | past | Dogs *= dog* |  |  |  |  | about *property* | vn cognize-85 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 3 | **bark** | gerund | Dogs *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He may be dreaming, but we can only guess what about

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses:t1:o4:1
# text = He may be dreaming, but we can only guess what about
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	dreaming	dream	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	guess	guess	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	10	obj	_	_
12	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dream** | may · progressive | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **guess** | can | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphin…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/e4/)
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- ↑ back to [Do animals dream? Twitching dogs, replaying rats and colour-changing octopuses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/391-do-animals-dream-twitching-dogs-replaying-rats-and-colour-changing-octopuses/)