---
title: Why are poisonous berries that look sweet so dangerous for toddlers? — Poisonous plants to stay away from: be… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why are poisonous berries that look sweet so dangerous for toddlers? Test 11 of lesson 392 «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch
---

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# Test 11 · Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why are poisonous berries that look sweet so dangerous for toddlers?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** poisonous berries · **What happens:** be, look · **To what, where:** poisonous berries

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 392 «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade:t11:1
# text = Why are poisonous berries that look sweet so dangerous for toddlers?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	toddlers	toddler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | poisonous berries |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **look** | present | poisonous berries |  |  |  |  | for toddlers; dangerous, sweet *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toddlers put pretty things in their mouths and are small, so less poison harms them

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade:t11:o1:1
# text = Toddlers put pretty things in their mouths and are small, so less poison harms them
1	Toddlers	toddler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pretty	pretty	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mouths	mouth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	amod	_	_
14	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	harms	harm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | present | Toddlers | things |  | Toddlers's mouths |  | pretty *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in mouth=Destination |
| 2 | **is** | present | Toddlers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **harm** | present | less poison | Toddlers *= toddler* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toddlers are protected by milk

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade:t11:o2:1
# text = Toddlers are protected by milk
1	Toddlers	toddler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present · passive |  | Toddlers |  |  |  | by milk | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toddlers can always taste poison and spit it out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade:t11:o3:1
# text = Toddlers can always taste poison and spit it out
1	Toddlers	toddler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	spit	spit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **taste** | can | Toddlers | poison |  |  |  | always *property* | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme poison=Attribute |
| 2 | **spit out** | infinitive | Toddlers *not said here* | poison |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Berries are only poisonous to grown-ups and never to small children with tiny tummies

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade:t11:o4:1
# text = Berries are only poisonous to grown-ups and never to small children with tiny tummies
1	Berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	ups	up	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	tummies	tummy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Berries |  |  |  |  | to grown ups with tiny tummies and small children; poisonous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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