---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — How nature documentaries are made: hid… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the technique of time-lapse photography? Exam question 2 of lesson 394 «How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pr
---

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# Exam question 2 · How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, dr…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the technique of time-lapse photography?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** technique

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 394 «How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the technique of time-lapse photography?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	technique	technique	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lapse	lapse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	photography	photography	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the technique of lapse photography |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pictures are taken solely in the absence of light

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting:e2:o1:1
# text = Pictures are taken solely in the absence of light
1	Pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · passive |  | Pictures |  | the absence of light |  | solely *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in absence=Location |
| 2 | **absent** |  |  | light |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A single picture is displayed for a prolonged period

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting:e2:o2:1
# text = A single picture is displayed for a prolonged period
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	displayed	display	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **display** | present · passive |  | a single picture |  |  |  | for a prolonged period | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pictures are taken at intervals over a prolonged period and subsequently displayed in rapid succession

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting:e2:o3:1
# text = Pictures are taken at intervals over a prolonged period and subsequently displayed in rapid succession
1	Pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	intervals	interval	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	prolonged	prolong	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	displayed	display	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	rapid	rapid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	succession	succession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · passive |  | Pictures |  | intervals |  | over a prolonged period | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: subject=Theme at interval=Asset |
| 2 | **prolong** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **display** | past |  |  |  | rapid succession |  | subsequently *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thousands of pictures are taken each second and are subsequently displayed at a greatly reduced speed

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting:e2:o4:1
# text = Thousands of pictures are taken each second and are subsequently displayed at a greatly reduced speed
1	Thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	displayed	display	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present · passive |  | Thousands of pictures |  |  | second |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **display** | present · passive |  |  |  | a reduced speed |  | subsequently *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP» |
| 3 | **reduce** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [How nature documentaries are made: hid…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/e1/)
- next →: [How nature documentaries are made: hid…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/e3/)
- ↑ back to [How nature documentaries are made: hides, camera traps, drones and years of waiting](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/394-how-nature-documentaries-are-made-hides-camera-traps-drones-and-years-of-waiting/)