---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroache… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the damage caused to woollen garments by clothes moths? Exam question 2 of lesson 397 «Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroaches, clothes moths, fleas and head lice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Exam question 2 · Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroaches, clothes moths, fl…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the damage caused to woollen garments by clothes moths?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** damage · **What happens:** follow, characteris, cause

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 397 «Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroaches, clothes moths, fleas and head lice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the damage caused to woollen garments by clothes moths?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	caused	cause	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	woollen	woollen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	17	compound	_	_
17	moths	moth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** | past | the damage |  |  |  |  | to woollen garments; by clothes moths | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to garment=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is caused exclusively by the adult moths

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice:e2:o1:1
# text = It is caused exclusively by the adult moths
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	moths	moth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | the adult moths | It |  |  |  | exclusively *property* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is caused by the caterpillars, whereas the adult moths do not feed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice:e2:o2:1
# text = It is caused by the caterpillars, whereas the adult moths do not feed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	caterpillars	caterpillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	moths	moth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
12	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | the caterpillars | It |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **feed** | present · do-support | the adult moths |  |  |  |  |  | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is caused by mice concealed within wardrobes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice:e2:o3:1
# text = It is caused by mice concealed within wardrobes
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	wardrobes	wardrobe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | mice | It |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 2 | **conceal** | participle |  | mice *not said here* |  |  |  | within wardrobes | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is caused by spiders in the construction of webs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice:e2:o4:1
# text = It is caused by spiders in the construction of webs
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	webs	web	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present · passive | spiders | It |  | the construction of webs |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 2 | **construct** |  |  | webs |  |  |  |  | nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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