---
title: «grandad dug up a mole's nest and found loads of worms with no heads… — The real animals of the river bank: th… · tree and pragmatics
description: «grandad dug up a mole's nest and found loads of worms with no heads, gross. why?» What is the best answer? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 403 «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the depen
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mo…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«grandad dug up a mole's nest and found loads of worms with no heads, gross. why?» What is the best answer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** grandad, best answer · **What happens:** dig up, find, be · **To what, where:** nest, loads

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 403 «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «grandad dug up a mole's nest and found loads of worms with no heads, gross. why?»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:1
# text = «grandad dug up a mole's nest and found loads of worms with no heads, gross. why?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	grandad	grandad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dug	dig	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mole	mole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	loads	load	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	16	det	_	_
16	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	gross	gross	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
20	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig up** *in a quote* | past | grandad | a mole's nest |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent nest=Theme |
| 2 | **find** *in a quote* | past | grandad *not said here* | loads of worms |  |  |  | with no heads | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is the best answer?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:2
# text = What is the best answer?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the best answer |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Worms grow without heads when they live too close to moles

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:o1:1
# text = Worms grow without heads when they live too close to moles
1	Worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	moles	mole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Worms |  |  |  |  | without heads | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **live** | present | Worms *= worm* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moles bite worms' heads so they stay alive in a larder but cannot crawl off

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:o2:1
# text = Moles bite worms' heads so they stay alive in a larder but cannot crawl off
1	Moles	mole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bite	bite	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	'	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
9	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	larder	larder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	crawl	crawl	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
17	off	off	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** | present | Moles | worms's heads |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | present | Moles *= mole* |  |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **crawl off** | can | Moles *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The worms lost their heads in the cold winter frost, which bites off the soft parts

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:o3:1
# text = The worms lost their heads in the cold winter frost, which bites off the soft parts
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	bites	bite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	off	off	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | the worms | worms's heads |  | the cold winter frost |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Eventuality |
| 2 | **bite off** | present | the cold winter frost | the soft parts |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad's spade must have cut every single one of them in half

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds:t4:o4:1
# text = Grandad's spade must have cut every single one of them in half
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	spade	spade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux	_	_
6	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
8	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nmod	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | must · perfect · passive |  | Grandad's spade |  | half |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary one=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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