---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the limbs of the squid as distinct from those of the octopus? Exam question 2 of lesson 41 «Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pra
---

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# Exam question 2 · Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the limbs of the squid as distinct from those of the octopus?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** limbs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 41 «Counting animals: eyes, ears, hearts, trunks, tentacles, teeth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/41-counting-animals/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:41-counting-animals:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the limbs of the squid as distinct from those of the octopus?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	limbs	limb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	distinct	distinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	_
16	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	15	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the limbs of the squid |  |  |  | of the following statements; as distinct; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The squid possesses six arms and two fins, whereas the octopus possesses eight arms

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:41-counting-animals:e2:o1:1
# text = The squid possesses six arms and two fins, whereas the octopus possesses eight arms
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	fins	fin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | the squid | six arms and two fins |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot arm=Theme |
| 2 | **possess** | present | the octopus | eight arms |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot arm=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The octopus possesses two tentacles and eight arms, whereas the squid possesses none

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:41-counting-animals:e2:o2:1
# text = The octopus possesses two tentacles and eight arms, whereas the squid possesses none
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tentacles	tentacle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | the octopus | two tentacles and eight arms |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tentacle=Theme |
| 2 | **possess** | present | the squid | none |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot none=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both animals possess eight tentacles and no arms, being indistinguishable thereby

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:41-counting-animals:e2:o3:1
# text = Both animals possess eight tentacles and no arms, being indistinguishable thereby
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tentacles	tentacle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
11	indistinguishable	indistinguishable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
12	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | both animals | eight tentacles and no arms |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tentacle=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | both animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | indistinguishable, thereby *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The squid possesses eight arms and two tentacles; the octopus, eight arms and none

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:41-counting-animals:e2:o4:1
# text = The squid possesses eight arms and two tentacles; the octopus, eight arms and none
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	possesses	possess	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	tentacles	tentacle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **possess** | present | the squid | eight arms and two tentacles |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot arm=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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