---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — The platypus and the echidna: mammals… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the spines of the echidna. Exam question 3 of lesson 43 «The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 3 · The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the spines of the echidna.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern · **To what, where:** response, spines

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 43 «The platypus and the echidna: mammals that lay eggs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/43-platypus-and-echidna/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:43-platypus-and-echidna:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the spines of the echidna.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	echidna	echidna	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the spines of the echidna |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus spine=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spines are shed and regrown on a daily basis

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:43-platypus-and-echidna:e3:o1:1
# text = The spines are shed and regrown on a daily basis
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	shed	shed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	regrown	regrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	daily	daily	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shed** | present · passive |  | the spines |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Source |
| 2 | **regrow** | participle |  |  |  | a daily basis |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spines are feathers of an unusual form, inherited from the ancestral birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:43-platypus-and-echidna:e3:o2:1
# text = The spines are feathers of an unusual form, inherited from the ancestral birds
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	unusual	unusual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	inherited	inherit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	ancestral	ancestral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the spines | feathers |  |  |  | of a unusual form | tree rules |
| 2 | **inherit** | participle |  | feathers *not said here* |  |  |  | from the ancestral birds | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from bird=Source |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spines are modified hairs, protecting an animal unable to flee rapidly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:43-platypus-and-echidna:e3:o3:1
# text = The spines are modified hairs, protecting an animal unable to flee rapidly
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	modified	modify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	protecting	protect	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	flee	flee	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **modify** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the spines | modified hairs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **protect** | gerund | modified hairs *not said here* |  | a animal |  |  | unable *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **flee** | to-infinitive | modified hairs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | rapidly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spines are hollow and inject a venom sufficient to disable a dingo

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:43-platypus-and-echidna:e3:o4:1
# text = The spines are hollow and inject a venom sufficient to disable a dingo
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	inject	inject	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	disable	disable	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	dingo	dingo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the spines |  |  |  |  | hollow *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **inject** | present | the spines *not said here* | a venom |  |  |  | sufficient *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent venom=Patient |
| 3 | **disable** | to-infinitive | the spines *not said here* | a dingo |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dingo=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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