---
title: Why do claws help a tiny water bear more than speed? — The axolotl, the tardigrade and the ma… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why do claws help a tiny water bear more than speed? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 44 «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why do claws help a tiny water bear more than speed?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** claws, tiny water · **What happens:** help, bear · **To what, where:** more

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 44 «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t10:1
# text = Why do claws help a tiny water bear more than speed?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	bear	bear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	obj	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present · do-support | claws |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bear** | present | a tiny water | more |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent more=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They let it dig right down to the centre of the Earth to hide

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t10:o1:1
# text = They let it dig right down to the centre of the Earth to hide
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	dig	dig	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	right	right	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	hide	hide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | past | They | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **dig** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to the centre of the Earth; down *property* | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **hide** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They help it fight off whales

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t10:o2:1
# text = They help it fight off whales
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | They | it |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **fight off** | infinitive |  | whales |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whale=Co-Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They let it run faster than ants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t10:o3:1
# text = They let it run faster than ants
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	let	let	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | past | They | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | than ants; fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They grip moss and soil grains so it is not washed away

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t10:o4:1
# text = They grip moss and soil grains so it is not washed away
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grip	grip	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	moss	moss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	grains	grain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
12	away	away	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grip** | present | They | moss and soil grains |  |  |  |  | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moss=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **wash away** | present · passive |  | it |  |  |  | away *property* | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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