---
title: Why does a spring-and-catch hit harder than just pushing with a musc… — The axolotl, the tardigrade and the ma… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why does a spring-and-catch hit harder than just pushing with a muscle? Test 11 · ★ of lesson 44 «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 11 · ★ · The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why does a spring-and-catch hit harder than just pushing with a muscle?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** spring · **What happens:** do, hit, push

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 44 «The axolotl, the tardigrade and the mantis shrimp» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t11:1
# text = Why does a spring-and-catch hit harder than just pushing with a muscle?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	catch	catch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	hit	hit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
10	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
11	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hit** |  | spring |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **push** | gerund | spring *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a muscle | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Energy is stored slowly and then let go all at once

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t11:o1:1
# text = Energy is stored slowly and then let go all at once
1	Energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	stored	store	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
9	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **store** | present · passive |  | Energy |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The catch adds a lot of extra energy from nowhere at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t11:o2:1
# text = The catch adds a lot of extra energy from nowhere at all
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	catch	catch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	adds	add	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	nowhere	nowhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	obl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | the catch | a lot of extra energy |  | all |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It does not, pushing with plain muscle is always much stronger

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t11:o3:1
# text = It does not, pushing with plain muscle is always much stronger
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	11	advmod	_	_
11	much	much	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **do** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **push** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with plain muscle | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | pushing |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Springs are made of a much stronger kind of muscle tissue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:44-axolotl-tardigrade-mantis-shrimp:t11:o4:1
# text = Springs are made of a much stronger kind of muscle tissue
1	Springs	spring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	much	much	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	stronger	strong	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	amod	_	_
8	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	tissue	tissue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Springs |  |  |  | of a stronger kind of muscle tissue | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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