---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process of photosynthesis? Exam question 1 of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option
---

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# Exam question 1 · Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process of photosynthesis?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, process · **To what, where:** process, photosynthesis

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/46-food-chains/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process of photosynthesis?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	photosynthesis	photosynthesis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the process of photosynthesis |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **process** |  |  | photosynthesis |  |  |  |  | nom process «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The making by plants of food from water and carbon dioxide by sunlight, releasing oxygen

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e1:o1:1
# text = The making by plants of food from water and carbon dioxide by sunlight, releasing oxygen
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	making	making	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	carbon	carbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	dioxide	dioxide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	releasing	release	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
16	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **release** | gerund | the making by plants of food from water and carbon dioxide by sunlight *not said here* | oxygen |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer oxygen=Source |
| 2 | **make** |  | plants of food from water and carbon dioxide |  |  |  |  |  | nom making «act intransitive»: by=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absorption by plants of food already present in the soil, by means of the roots

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e1:o2:1
# text = The absorption by plants of food already present in the soil, by means of the roots
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absorption	absorption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	already	already	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the absorption by plants of food |  |  |  |  | of the roots | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **absorb** |  | plants of food |  |  |  |  |  | nom absorption «process transitive»: by=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The conversion by plants of oxygen into soil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e1:o3:1
# text = The conversion by plants of oxygen into soil
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	conversion	conversion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convert** |  | plants of oxygen |  |  | soil |  |  | nom conversion «event transitive»: by=agent into=place |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The consumption by plants of insects for nourishment

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e1:o4:1
# text = The consumption by plants of insects for nourishment
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	consumption	consumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	nourishment	nourishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consume** |  | plants of insects |  |  |  |  | for nourishment | nom consumption «act transitive»: by=agent for=obl |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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