---
title: Ascertain the origin of food in the communities surrounding hot spri… — Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the origin of food in the communities surrounding hot springs upon the deep sea floor. Exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opti
---

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# Exam question 4 · Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the origin of food in the communities surrounding hot springs upon the deep sea floor.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, communities · **What happens:** ascertain, surround · **To what, where:** origin, communities

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 46 «Food chains: sun, plants, plant-eaters, meat-eaters» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/46-food-chains/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the origin of food in the communities surrounding hot springs upon the deep sea floor.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	origin	origin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	communities	community	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
9	surrounding	surround	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	springs	spring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the origin of food |  | the communities |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent origin=Topic |
| 2 | **surround** | gerund | the communities *not said here* |  |  |  | spring | upon the deep sea floor | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sunlight which penetrates to the greatest depths

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e4:o1:1
# text = Sunlight which penetrates to the greatest depths
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	penetrates	penetrate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	depths	depth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **penetrate** | present | Sunlight |  |  |  |  | to the greatest depths | vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food discarded from vessels upon the surface

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e4:o2:1
# text = Food discarded from vessels upon the surface
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	discarded	discard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **discard** | participle |  | Food *not said here* |  | vessels |  | upon the surface | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent upon surface=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plants which flourish in darkness by means of the heat of the springs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e4:o3:1
# text = Plants which flourish in darkness by means of the heat of the springs
1	Plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flourish	flourish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	darkness	darkness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	obl	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	springs	spring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flourish** | present | Plants |  |  | darkness |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in darkness=Location |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Plants |  |  |  |  | of the heat of the springs | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **heat** |  | the springs |  |  |  |  |  | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bacteria which make food from chemicals dissolved in the heated water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:46-food-chains:e4:o4:1
# text = Bacteria which make food from chemicals dissolved in the heated water
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	chemicals	chemical	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	heated	heat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Bacteria | food |  | chemicals |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from chemical=Material |
| 2 | **dissolve** | participle | Bacteria |  |  | the heated water |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **heat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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